Integrated Care in Cervical Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention

Abstract

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite advances in screening, vaccination, and treatment, cervical cancer continues to pose challenges in prevention, early diagnosis, and management. Integrated care, which combines multidisciplinary approaches, innovative technologies, and comprehensive patient support, has emerged as a pivotal strategy in improving outcomes. This review explores the latest advancements in cervical cancer diagnosis, including molecular biomarkers, liquid biopsy, and artificial intelligence-assisted imaging techniques. We discuss current therapeutic strategies such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted immunotherapies while highlighting the role of precision medicine in individualized treatment. Additionally, we emphasize the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programs, lifestyle modifications, and public health initiatives in primary and secondary prevention. The role of palliative care and psychological support in improving the quality of life of patients is also examined. Challenges such as disparities in healthcare access, adherence to screening programs, and emerging resistance to therapies are explored, with recommendations for future research and policy initiatives. By integrating early detection, advanced treatment modalities, and holistic patient care, cervical cancer outcomes can be significantly improved, paving the way for more effective and equitable healthcare systems.